What does 1 Corinthians 12:17 mean?
Paul has described a comically-absurd scenario. Imagine a human body where the foot is disgruntled that it cannot be one of the hands. Perhaps it wants the prestige of doing "hand" tasks; it doesn't like being inside of shoes anymore. Or suppose there is an ear who declares itself independent of the body because it cannot be an eye. Even if it were possible for body parts to have such feelings, Paul's point is that there's nothing they could do about it.In the same way, those in Christ have been given their own unique spiritual gifts, as well as specific functions to do in the body of Christ. Those functions require their specific gifts. Apparently, some in the church in Corinth were discontent with their role in the church, with the purpose God had uniquely equipped them to fulfill. Perhaps, they wanted out. Or they simply refused to use those God-given abilities.
Christians, though, like body parts, can't just walk away from the body they belong to. Every believer remains attached to the body of Christ. Like a stubborn body part, all a saved believer can do is refuse to function—making them the equivalent of a paralyzed limb or an inert organ. The best that we can do, once we have discovered what our function is, is to learn how vital it is to the church and to do it with the power of God.
Paul demonstrates that by calling attention to the work of hearing. If ears and all the other body parts decided to be eyes, how would the body hear anything? If there were only ears, on the other hand, the body would lose its sense of smell. Every body part—every believer, without exception—serves an essential function in the body.