What does 1 Peter 3:20 mean?
Peter has written that Jesus was "made alive in the spirit"" in which" He went and proclaimed something to the "spirits in prison." In this verse, Peter continues by saying that those "spirits in prison" did not obey when God waited patiently. In Noah's days during the construction of the ark, God waited before saving Noah and His family from the flood. Note, just as Jesus did (Matthew 24:37), Peter acknowledges that Noah was an historical figure and Noah's flood was an historical event.So what could Peter possibly be describing in these verses? What does it mean that Jesus proclaimed to spirits in prison who disobeyed during Noah's time during the construction of the ark. Bible scholars offer several views. Two of the most popular are that the spirit of Jesus preached, through Noah, to those living in disobedience during that time. Another is that Jesus went and declared His victory over death to the fallen angels, now imprisoned, who disobeyed God during that time.
Another persistent view, less biblically supportable, is that Jesus traveled in spirit form after His death and before His resurrection to proclaim something to those in Hades or hell who died before or during the flood. All of these views raise many questions, none of which are easily answered. The bottom line is that we just don't know for sure what Peter means by these verses. What we do know is that Jesus was dead and then made alive, that He suffered and then was made victorious by the Father forever.