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1 Samuel 17:19
ESV Now Saul and they and all the men of Israel were in the Valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.
NIV They are with Saul and all the men of Israel in the Valley of Elah, fighting against the Philistines."
NASB For Saul and they and all the men of Israel are in the Valley of Elah, fighting the Philistines.'
CSB They are with Saul and all the men of Israel in the Valley of Elah fighting with the Philistines."
NLT David’s brothers were with Saul and the Israelite army at the valley of Elah, fighting against the Philistines.
KJV Now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel, were in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.
NKJV Now Saul and they and all the men of Israel were in the Valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.

What does 1 Samuel 17:19 mean?

Some translations take this verse as the end of Jesse's instructions to David about the delivery of the food to his brothers and their division (1 Samuel 17:17–18). Others understand it to be a bit of narrative restating the setting of the story as the battle at the Valley of Elah (1 Samuel 17:1–3). In either case, David would need to know where to take the food for his brothers and their unit.

The army of the Israelites was not actively fighting with the army of the Philistines at this time, but they were camped against one another for war. The Philistine champion Goliath would come out to taunt and challenge the Israelites every day, daring them to send a champion of their own to fight him. The enormous, well-armored man suggested that if the Israelite representative killed Goliath, the Philistines would serve Israel. But if Goliath prevailed, Israel would be the servants of the Philistines. This had gone on for forty days without any kind of progress (1 Samuel 17:8–10, 16).
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