What does 1 Samuel 6:14 mean?
The two milk cows pulling the cart carrying the ark of the Lord (Exodus 25:10–16) finally come to a stop on their own in the field of a man named Joshua outside of the town of Beth-shemesh (1 Samuel 6:7–12). The people gathered in the valley for the wheat harvest are overwhelmed with joy that the ark of the Lord has returned to Israel after seven months in the hands of the Philistines (1 Samuel 6:1, 13).The people feel the need to worship the Lord immediately, so they slaughter the two milk cows and sacrifice them as a burnt offering to the Lord on a large stone in the field, using the wood from the cart as fuel.
This was not the normal procedure for making an offering to the Lord. For one thing, the Law called for male cows to be sacrificed, not milk cows (Leviticus 1:3). It seems that spontaneous sacrifices were made to the Lord during this time, and the Lord generally received them. However, it will soon become clear that the people of Beth-shemesh treated the ark without proper respect and reverence in this moment (1 Samuel 6:19). Neither sincerity nor gratitude are an excuse for violating God's Law.