What does Acts 1:13 mean?
During the account of Jesus' ascension, the apostles (Acts 1:2) are mentioned, but it's likely there are many more witnesses. When the group of 120 determine who should replace Judas in the Twelve, one of the requirements Peter gives is that the man must have been with them "from the baptism of John until the day when [Jesus] was taken up from us" (Acts 1:22). But to refresh the memory of Theophilus (Acts 1:1), to whom Luke also addressed his Gospel, Luke lists the remaining eleven main disciples.Peter and Andrew met Jesus on the Jordan, where John the Baptist was teaching (John 1:35–42) although Jesus didn't formally call them until they were back in Galilee, fishing (Mark 1:16). Jesus also called the brothers James and John on the Sea of Galilee while they were mending their nets (Mark 1:19–20). Jesus called Philip in Galilee, and Philip brought Nathanael with him (John 1:45–49). Sometimes, Nathanael is called "Bartholomew" (Matthew 10:3; Mark 3:18; Luke 6:14).
Thomas is one of the Twelve, but Scripture gives no explicit information about His calling by Jesus (John 11:16; 14:5; 20:27–28).
Matthew (Matthew 9:9), sometimes called Levi (Mark 2:14), was a tax collector near Capernaum when Jesus called him. James, son of Alphaeus (Matthew 10:2–3), is sometimes called James the Less or James the Younger (Mark 15:40). Simon the Zealot is sometimes called Simon the Canaanite (Mark 3:18). Judas the son of James (John 14:22) is also known as Thaddeus (Matthew 10:3; Mark 3:18). The Philip mentioned is not the Philip who will later be one of the first deacons (Acts 6:5) and a great evangelist (Acts 8:4–12, 26–40; 21:8).
Jesus originally chose twelve disciples, and the group in the upper room will choose a replacement for Judas (Acts 1:15–26). These twelve will be the apostles of the church, and no one will replace or succeed them. When Jesus comes into His kingdom, they will judge Israel from twelve thrones (Matthew 19:28). But their immediate call is to establish the church. They will teach (Acts 2:42), perform miracles (Acts 5:12), be arrested (Acts 5:17–18), be persecuted (Acts 5:40), and die (Acts 12:1–2). In fact, church tradition says that all but John will die as martyrs, and John will survive being boiled in oil. The honor they receive by founding the church will come at a great cost.