What does Acts 17:11 mean?

This presents one of many examples in Scripture which endorse informed, reasonable faith (1 John 4:1; 2 Corinthians 13:5). The group applauded here is using cautious skepticism. They hear a claim and make a sincere effort to see whether it is true. They look to Scripture, not blind faith, not hard cynicism, to look for the best response.

Paul and Silas, having escaped persecution in Thessalonica (Acts 17:10), are in the synagogue in Berea. Out of Paul's three missionary voyages, Luke only records two of his sermons. One is to the Stoics and Epicureans in Athens (Acts 17:22–31). Considering Paul uses quotes from Greek philosophers to draw out their mutual belief in a creator, it's reasonable to think this is a unique situation and a unique message.

Paul's message in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch is probably more representative. He talks about how God led the Israelites out of captivity to the Promised Land. He introduces David and the Davidic Covenant wherein God promises David will have an heir on his throne forever. He explains how David's prophecy that God's Holy One will not see corruption can't apply to David since his body is still in the tomb. It must apply to the heir of David who dies and rises again: Jesus (Acts 13:16–41). In short, Jesus of Nazareth fulfills the prophecies of the Jewish Messiah.

In most cities Paul visits, some Jews and many God-fearing Gentiles believe him while other Jews grow jealous and find some way to drive him out of town. The Bereans' response to study for themselves is unique and admirable (1 John 4:1). Their study and acceptance allow Jesus' story to reach further into the synagogue's leadership, providing Paul and Silas more freedom to teach. Unfortunately, however, the more predictable Jews from their last stop—Thessalonica—follow them. It is not the Berean Jews who force Paul to flee, but the Thessalonians (Acts 17:12–14).