What does Acts 27:17 mean?
Jesus told Paul he would get to Rome (Acts 23:11). If not for that fact, Paul might be very concerned right now. Against Paul's advice, the owner and pilot of the ship he's currently on left the relative safety of the port of Fair Havens. They were attempting to reach a better harbor in which to spend the winter. The weather cooperated until the winds shifted just as they reached the unsheltered part of the island. The sailors realize there's no use fighting, and let the wind drive them (Acts 27:9–15).In a short break on the lee side of the small island of Cauda, the sailors have just enough time to pull up the lifeboat and support the hull. The lifeboat had been dragged behind the ship in heavy waves and tempestuous winds (Acts 27:14) for the last twenty miles. It's probably either upside-down or filled with water, and the sailors have a difficult time pulling it onboard (Acts 27:16). They then string ropes under the hull to reinforce the structure against the heavy waves.
The wind is from the northeast and it's driving them to the southwest. They all know what that means. Off the coast of Libya is the Gulf of Syrtis, a large expanse of water filled with shoals and sandbars—like quicksand with crosscurrents. The ship can easily run aground far from the shore. Luke doesn't specify what the "gear" is or what they're doing with it. They may be lowering the sails to the deck or they may be throwing some of the sails, rigging, tackle, and/or storm anchor into the water in an attempt to slow them down.
Paul knows that God will see him to Rome, but he doesn't have the same assurance for the other 275 crew members and passengers. He apparently prays that God will grant them their lives—which He does (Acts 27:24, 44).