What does Daniel 2:33 mean?
Daniel continues his description (Daniel 2:31–32) of Nebuchadnezzar's dream (Daniel 2:1–3). The image in the form of a gigantic man had a golden head, silver chest and arms, bronze midsection, and iron legs with feet composed partly of iron and partly of clay.These materials become less dense and less valuable from top to bottom. The materials are also increasingly tough until clay, which is extremely brittle. Worse, clay and iron do not bond together. This makes the statue top-heavy and prone to collapse (Daniel 2:35). As Daniel will explain (Daniel 2:36), the various parts each represent kingdoms. The properties of the metals, the shape of the parts, and the eventual fate of the statue, are meant as prophecies about these nations.
Daniel 2:31–45 provides both the content and the interpretation of Nebuchadnezzar's troubling dream (Daniel 2:1–3). The dream describes what is sometimes called "the latter days" or "the times of the Gentiles." This is part of a section of the book of Daniel recorded in Aramaic (Daniel 2:4—7:28), the common language of Babylon at the time. The image seen in the dream includes a progression of shapes and materials, representing a sequence of kingdoms, their characteristics, and their eventual fates.
King Nebuchadnezzar tests his magicians, demanding they tell him what he has dreamed, rather than merely inventing an interpretation. When they fail, he prepares to execute the entire department of wise men. Daniel promises he can meet the king's request and is given a special vision from God. The king dreamed of a massive statue shattered into powder by a supernatural rock. Daniel accurately describes this and interprets it as a prophecy about kingdoms which would come after Babylon. The king appoints Daniel and his friends to positions of power and influence over Babylon.