What does Daniel 5:16 mean?
As with his prior comments (Daniel 5:14), it's possible Belshazzar is merely repeating what he heard from the queen mother (Daniel 5:10–13). Whether he knew much about Daniel, or not, he is desperate to learn what the supernatural writing on the wall of his banquet hall means (Daniel 5:5–9). He promises Daniel the significant rewards he promised his wise men (Daniel 5:7).If Daniel reads and interprets the handwriting, Belshazzar will adorn him with royal clothes, drape a gold chain around his neck, and make him the third ruler in Babylon. This corresponds to the theory that Nabonidus was the "first ruler," meaning the actual king, and his son Belshazzar was the "second ruler" or regent. Apparently, Nabonidus has married one of Nebuchadnezzar's daughters, therefore Belshazzar was Nebuchadnezzar's grandson from his mother's side of the family. The rewards Belshazzar promised Daniel in return for the reading and interpretation of the mysterious handwriting show how desperate Belshazzar was for an answer. These were the highest rewards he could confer on Daniel.