What does Daniel 7:5 mean?
Daniel's prophetic dream (Daniel 7:1) describes four animal-like creatures (Daniel 7:2–3). These represent various nations from the Mediterranean region (Daniel 7:17). The first beast was like a lion with eagle wings (Daniel 7:4). This symbolizes the Babylonian Empire.The second beast, which appears like a bear, represents the Medo-Persians. In the ancient middle east, bears were primarily associated with great strength, and that empire's military was powerful. They were not thought of as graceful, as were lions or eagles: the animals associated with the preceding Babylonian Empire. That one side of the bear was higher, and the animal is commanded to move, suggests it is lying down. The imagery notes how the Medes and Persians were not entirely united in their conquests. The three ribs likely symbolize the notable cultures overshadowed by Medo-Persia: Egypt, Assyria, and Babylon.
The rulers of Medo-Persian probably assumed they were consuming other lands, but their doing so was by divine appointment. The bear does not consume until it is commanded to do so. Their exploits fulfilled God's will. The Medo-Persian empire began in Daniel's lifetime and continued until the days of Alexander the Great two centuries later (Daniel 7:6). The silver arms of the statue in Nebuchadnezzar's dream represent this same kingdom (Daniel 2:32, 39).
Daniel 7:1–12 looks back to a time before the story contained in chapter 6. This passage describes a dream Daniel had during the rule of Belshazzar (Daniel 5:1, 30). His visions contained information about various kingdoms leading up to a dreadful, strong kingdom in the end times. The images also pictured God, "the Ancient of Days," who judges the final Gentile kingdom. An angel's explanation of the dream and visions follows in the next passage.
Daniel experiences a troubling vision in the form of a dream. He sees animal-like beasts representing successive kingdoms. The last of these is uniquely powerful and led by a mysterious figure. This person, depicted as a "little horn," will be known for usurping power, blasphemy against God, and intense persecution of the saints. Yet his time will be short and it will end in God's successful judgment.