What does Exodus 10:14 mean?
Egypt is overrun with locusts: a hungry, swarming, aggressive version of common grasshoppers. Small clouds can be a nuisance. Large groups can severely damage crops and vegetation. Especially large swarms are typically referred to as "plagues," even outside the Bible, for their destructive power. Locust swarms can consume an entire region's plant matter in days or hours before moving on to the next area. What descends on Egypt is, as promised (Exodus 10:4–6), the worst locust infestation the nation has ever seen, or will ever see.These insects will attack everything edible which survived the plague of hail (Exodus 9:31–32). The nation is already reeling from seven catastrophes (Exodus 7:21; 8:6, 17, 24; 9:6, 10, 24). The threat of locusts, with Egypt so fragile, frightened Pharaoh's advisors into begging their king to negotiate (Exodus 10:7). But Pharoah remained stubborn, and the swarms will scour Egyptian lands of every plant and fruit (Exodus 10:15).
Because they also occurred naturally, locust swarms are mentioned in other Old Testament contexts (Deuteronomy 28:38; 2 Chronicles 6:28; 7:13; Psalm 78:46; 105:34). They also feature in prophecies related to the end times (Joel 1—2; Amos 4:9; Revelation 9:3, 7).