What does Genesis 35:10 mean?
After Jacob fulfills his vow to make Bethel God's house, and to make the Lord his God, God appears to bless him once more (Genesis 35:1–9).The Lord begins by restating and confirming that Jacob's new name is Israel. This was first noted after Jacob wrestled with the God at the Yabbok river, the night before he met Esau (Genesis 32:28). It was explained that his new name would mean he had striven with God and with men and had prevailed. While Scripture sometimes still refers to him as Jacob, it is this new name which will define his descendants. Each will become the patriarch of a tribe of the nation, Israel, which still bears that name today.
It is possible to read the Hebrew of God's first words as a question: "is your name Jacob?" Read this way, God is reminding Jacob of the promise which had been given earlier, and the changed name which came with it.