What does Genesis 43:30 mean?
After warmly and politely speaking to his younger brother Benjamin (Genesis 43:29), Joseph becomes very emotional. As the second most powerful man in the nation of Egypt (Genesis 41:44), he cannot lose control in a public setting. Instead, he goes to his own room and cries alone to get his emotions under control once more.Joseph's intense reaction is driven by the unique circumstances of this reunion. He has not seen Benjamin in some twenty years. As a seventeen-year-old (Genesis 37:2), Joseph was sold into slavery by his jealous older brothers (Genesis 37:24–28). This did not include the youngest, Benjamin. Over the next twenty years, Joseph rose to become governor of Egypt and the main reason the nation survived an intense famine (Genesis 41:46; 53–54). Joseph disguised his identity from his brothers when they came to buy grain (Genesis 42:7–8) but arranged for them to bring Benjamin back (Genesis 42:19–20). This is the first time in decades he has seen he has seen his only younger brother.
Joseph's brothers still have no idea that this powerful Egyptian ruler is the person they sold into slavery as a teenager. Joseph continues to hide this fact from them, as he has further tests in mind (Genesis 43:34; 44:1–2). Clearly, he is deeply affected by being reunited with them. Eventually, it will become clear that Joseph's intentions are good (Genesis 47:11–12). For now, there is no hint about when or if Joseph will reveal himself to them.