What does Genesis 44:18 mean?
The Egyptian ruler has made his position clear. For the crime of stealing his silver cup (Genesis 44:14–15), only Benjamin—youngest of the eleven brothers who came to Egypt—would be kept as his slave. The others would be free to go (Genesis 44:17). The men have no idea that this powerful man is their own estranged brother, Joseph (Genesis 42:7–8), whom the ten older brothers had cruelly sold as a slave twenty years earlier (Genesis 27:24–28).Now Judah boldly stands up and begins to plead for Benjamin to be released. More than just recapping what has come before, Judah's eloquent speech is intended to soften this Egyptian ruler's heart toward Benjamin and their father. In truth, it will break Joseph's heart to hear Judah's words about their family.
Judah begins by addressing Joseph once more with great respect, pleading to be allowed to speak and for Joseph not to be angry with him. He also acknowledges that Joseph's power is like that of the Pharaoh of Egypt himself (Genesis 41:44), implying that Joseph may condemn and pardon whomever he wants as he sees fit.