What does Hebrews 10:34 mean?
For Christians, earthly persecution is only a temporary problem. In fact, when we are persecuted for the sake of our faith in Christ, it's a sign that we are, in fact, siding with God instead of with the world (John 15:18–20). Recently, the writer of Hebrews delivered a dire warning to Christians not to dismiss or ignore their faith in the face of hardship. Just as God punished Israel, harshly, for sinning under the old covenant, Christians who "profane" the sacrifice of Jesus can expect severe consequences in their lives when they choose to sin (Hebrews 10:26–29).Immediately following this warning, the writer provides words of comfort and encouragement. The Jewish Christians to whom he is writing have already suffered a certain degree of persecution. In response, they have persevered (Hebrews 10:32). Here, it is mentioned that they even accepted that abuse with a certain level of joy, knowing that what awaited them in heaven was far more valuable.
In context, this praise is meant to strengthen the readers' resolve. They have endured hardship in the past, so they should be confident that they can withstand it now.