Verse

Isaiah 19:18

ESV In that day there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan and swear allegiance to the Lord of hosts. One of these will be called the City of Destruction.
NIV In that day five cities in Egypt will speak the language of Canaan and swear allegiance to the Lord Almighty. One of them will be called the City of the Sun.
NASB On that day five cities in the land of Egypt will be speaking the language of Canaan and swearing allegiance to the Lord of armies; one will be called the City of Destruction.
CSB On that day five cities in the land of Egypt will speak the language of Canaan and swear loyalty to the Lord of Armies. One of the cities will be called the City of the Sun.
NLT In that day five of Egypt’s cities will follow the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. They will even begin to speak Hebrew, the language of Canaan. One of these cities will be Heliopolis, the City of the Sun.
KJV In that day shall five cities in the land of Egypt speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the Lord of hosts; one shall be called, The city of destruction.
NKJV In that day five cities in the land of Egypt will speak the language of Canaan and swear by the Lord of hosts; one will be called the City of Destruction.

What does Isaiah 19:18 mean?

Isaiah's prophecies in this chapter appear to point to two different seasons in Egypt's future. In the nearer season, Egypt will experience sweeping judgment from the Lord, leaving the nation divided and destitute (Isaiah 19:1–15). The second season is set further in the future, when the Lord will return to earth and establish His kingdom (Isaiah 2:1–5; Revelation 20:1–4). In that era, the Egyptians will know who the Lord is and respect His power to destroy them (Isaiah 19:16–17). Then something remarkable will happen: The people of Egypt will begin to turn to the Lord. They will worship the Lord as their own God.

The passage states that five cities in Egypt will speak the language of Canaan. Scholars suggest that the meaning here is that those initial cities will be the beginning of a nationwide repentance. All of Egypt will end up swearing allegiance to the Lord in this time. The act of learning Israel's language may indicate a humility to fully adapt to the ways of God's people.

One of these five key cities will be called either the "City of Destruction" or the "City of the Sun," depending on the translation. The Hebrew words for "destruction" and "sun" are extremely similar, distinguished by a small dot under one letter. Many scholars believe "sun" is the more logical translation; a "City of Destruction" doesn't easily fit the context of repentance. Also, there is an Egyptian "City of the Sun" called Heliopolis, or "On." It was a center of worship to the Egyptian sun-god Ra. If the people of the City of the Sun abandoned Ra and swore allegiance to the Lord God of Israel, Egypt's repentance would surely be complete.
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