What does Isaiah 24:23 mean?
The Lord's future judgement (Isaiah 24:1–5) will reach a moment of absolute triumph. His defeat of the demonic powers of the heavens and the evil kings of the earth will be without exception. As the rebels await their final punishment in prison, the Lord will bring peace by taking the throne as king of all (Isaiah 24:21–22).Isaiah's reference to the sun and moon is not another phase of God's wrath. Rather, this uses poetic language to note that even the most glorious lights in the sky will not be able to compare with the glory of the Lord as He appears on earth. His light will outshine all the celestial lights in the sky.
Many scholars and traditions understand this to be the beginning of the Messiah's millennial kingdom. This is a time during which the Messiah will unite the world. In peace, He will rule from Mount Zion in Jerusalem. Isaiah has described this glorious future kingdom repeatedly in his book (Isaiah 2—9) and will return to the subject again (Isaiah 60–66).
Finally, Isaiah speaks the Lord's glory and His "elders." Revelation refers to elders in heaven giving praise and honor to God (Revelation 4:4; 20:4). These will join the Messiah in His throne room on earth, as well.