What does John 10:14 mean?

Jesus repeats that He is "the good shepherd" (John 10:11). A main point of this analogy contrasts Jesus' spiritual leadership with that of others. Jesus is especially criticizing the hypocritical and self-serving religious leaders who have betrayed Israel in the past (Ezekiel 34). At worst, they are like robbers who cause mayhem to profit from the sheep (John 10:10). In other cases, they are like employees who abandon their duties when faced with personal risk; they are only concerned for the sheep when it's convenient and comfortable (John 10:12–13).

Jesus also reiterates a point made in His first analogy related to shepherding (John 10:1–6). Ancient shepherds spent considerable time with their flocks, from the moment of a lamb's birth. As such, sheep were acutely tuned to the voice of their shepherd, and only theirs. Sheep would instinctively ignore—or even flee from—the voice of a stranger. Jesus' sheep, on the other hand, know His voice and respond to it. And, as a "good shepherd," He knows every detail about those for whom He cares.