What does John 12:38 mean?
Isaiah chapter 53 is often labelled as "The Suffering Servant," and is among the more important Old Testament references to the Messiah. The portion quoted here is from the beginning of that passage. There, Isaiah asks a rhetorical question: "who has believed what he heard from us?" The context of that question is the same as this recent conversation between Jesus and a crowd in Jerusalem (John 12:27–36). The expected answer to Isaiah's question is much the same as when a modern person uses the expression "who cares?" Immediately after asking this, Isaiah explains the way Messiah will suffer at the hands of those people to whom "the arm [the strength and power] of the Lord" was made obvious (Isaiah 53:2–3).This comment by John has both an immediate application, and a general one. In an immediate sense, this is a reference to how the nation of Israel will reject their own Promised One (Matthew 23:37; Romans 10:16–21). Broadly, it supports the point made by Jesus in the preceding verses: that people reject God despite evidence, not because they lack it.