What does John 15:10 mean?
Between verses 9 and 10, Jesus combines two closely related ideas. First, only "branches" vitally connected to the "true vine" can bear fruit; only these will escape being pruned off and destroyed. Production of spiritual fruit is evidence of a real relationship with Christ, and comes only because of that connection (John 15:1–6). Second, abundance is achieved when one deeply "abides" in Christ and His love. Obedience to Christ's teachings is a sign we are born again, the means by which we transmit His love to the world, and a method by which we glorify God (John 15:7–8).Previously, Jesus tied authentic love for Him to obedience (John 14:15). The statement made here echoes remarks He made while washing the disciples' feet earlier that same evening (John 13:15–17). Jesus exemplified what it means to live according to the will of God (John 5:19; Matthew 26:39). He does not—at all—ask us to endure anything which He Himself did not take on (Hebrews 4:15). Jesus obeyed God, as should we (1 John 5:3). Though we're fallible and prone to make mistakes (1 John 1:9–10), to love Christ and to obey Him are one and the same.
The personal benefit of that obedience is explained by Jesus in the next verse.