What does John 5:18 mean?
The gospel of John often uses the Greek term Ioudaioi, which is translated as "the Jews." As John uses it, the word refers to the religious leaders of Jerusalem. This includes the Pharisees, Sadducees, and temple scribes. The Pharisees were renowned for their legalism and traditions. These added-on rules were part of their interpretation of the law of Moses. Jesus, knowing that their approach to the Law was cold and hypocritical, often deliberately provoked these men over their errors (Luke 13:10–17; Matthew 12:9–14). The mere fact that Jesus was breaking traditional views of the Sabbath was enough to earn their persecution (John 5:16).Rather than being intimidated, Jesus raises the stakes even further (John 5:17). He claims not only that God is His Father, but that the work He is doing is equivalent to the work done by God. The religious leaders understand exactly what that implies. Jesus is telling other people that He is God. If that's not true, it's blasphemy, and this adds to the hatred He receives from the Pharisees.
Contrary to common suggestion, Jesus does in fact claim divinity in many New Testament texts. This verse shows that Jesus and the disciples are not the only ones who grasp His meaning.