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John 9:6
ESV Having said these things, he spit on the ground and made mud with the saliva. Then he anointed the man 's eyes with the mud
NIV After saying this, he spit on the ground, made some mud with the saliva, and put it on the man’s eyes.
NASB When He had said this, He spit on the ground, and made mud from the saliva, and applied the mud to his eyes,
CSB After he said these things he spit on the ground, made some mud from the saliva, and spread the mud on his eyes.
NLT Then he spit on the ground, made mud with the saliva, and spread the mud over the blind man’s eyes.
KJV When he had thus spoken, he spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay,
NKJV When He had said these things, He spat on the ground and made clay with the saliva; and He anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay.

What does John 9:6 mean?

Jesus encountered a man born blind. Christ's first priority was to explain that the man's condition was not any sort of punishment for sin (John 9:1–3).

Blindness is often used in Scripture as an analogy. Those who reject God are incapable of seeing truth. This is why Scripture predicted that the Messiah would cure blindness (Isaiah 29:18; 35:5; 42:7), and why only Jesus was able to miraculously restore eyesight (Matthew 11:5; 12:22–23). Further, the fact that the man was born in this condition means Jesus is not restoring some lost ability. He is about to grant a perception this man never had before. Both are important points in this miracle, the sixth of John's seven miraculous "signs" of Jesus' divinity.

Jesus' use of muddy clay carries a few deeper meanings. First, Jesus heals blindness in several New Testament passages. However, His methods vary considerably. Here, Jesus uses clay and applies it to the man's eyes. In Mark 8:22–26, He only uses spit. In Matthew 9:27–31, He heals by simple touch. This variation removes any suggestion that Jesus healed the blind through advanced natural medicine or some a magical formula. It confounds this chapter's repeated questions about "how" Jesus accomplished the act: the only explanation is divine power.

Second, the use of muddy clay nods to man's ultimate origin: a being formed by God out of the dust of the earth (Genesis 2:7).

Third, this interaction happened on the Sabbath (John 9:14). Jesus made a point of deliberately challenging the Pharisees' legalism regarding the Sabbath (John 5:18), which this miracle does twice over. Not only is Jesus "working" through His miracle, but He does so by "kneading clay:" an act explicitly forbidden on the Sabbath by the Pharisee's expansive oral traditions.

One could also say there is a practical side to Jesus' use of clay on this man's eyes. His instructions, given in the next verse, are for the man to go and wash the mud off his eyes. Unlike spit, or a touch, this meant the man could not sit idly by and wait for the miracle: he had a role to play. He also had an incentive, as mud caked in the eyes is not comfortable.
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