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Judges 20:10
ESV and we will take ten men of a hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and a hundred of a thousand, and a thousand of ten thousand, to bring provisions for the people, that when they come they may repay Gibeah of Benjamin for all the outrage that they have committed in Israel."
NIV We’ll take ten men out of every hundred from all the tribes of Israel, and a hundred from a thousand, and a thousand from ten thousand, to get provisions for the army. Then, when the army arrives at Gibeah in Benjamin, it can give them what they deserve for this outrageous act done in Israel."
NASB And we will take ten men out of a hundred throughout the tribes of Israel, and a hundred out of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand to supply provisions for the people, so that when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin, they may punish them for all the vile sin that they have committed in Israel.'
CSB we will take ten men out of every hundred from all the tribes of Israel, and one hundred out of every thousand, and one thousand out of every ten thousand to get provisions for the troops when they go to Gibeah in Benjamin to punish them for all the outrage they committed in Israel."
NLT One-tenth of the men from each tribe will be chosen to supply the warriors with food, and the rest of us will take revenge on Gibeah of Benjamin for this shameful thing they have done in Israel.'
KJV And we will take ten men of an hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and an hundred of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand, to fetch victual for the people, that they may do, when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin, according to all the folly that they have wrought in Israel.
NKJV We will take ten men out of every hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, a hundred out of every thousand, and a thousand out of every ten thousand, to make provisions for the people, that when they come to Gibeah in Benjamin, they may repay all the vileness that they have done in Israel.”

What does Judges 20:10 mean?

The verdict has been decided. The leaders of eleven of the twelve tribes of Israel have agreed that the people of the town of Gibeah must be punished for their crimes of rape and murder (Judges 20:1–9). First, they must determine how to maintain supply lines for what might be an extended battle. They decide to set aside ten percent of the fighting men from every tribe. That tenth of the army will be tasked to keep provisions coming until the battle was over.

Which men will participate in that effort will be decided by lots: using small objects like dice or tokens to "randomly" make a selection. This was a common technique meant to remove human bias from decision making (Numbers 26:55; Joshua 14:2). It was a particularly common method when intending to leave a choice to God's providence.
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