What does Judges 8:12 mean?
Though the text does not say so, it seems clear Lord is still with Gideon and his 300 men. They have pursued the remnant of the Midianite army (Judges 7:22–25) across the Jordan River and out into the wilderness. Despite no help from local Israelites (Judges 8:4–9), they have finally caught the enemy and launched a surprise attack. The Midianites are caught resting, believing they had escaped the Israelites (Judges 8:10–11).The attack once more drives the Midianites into a panic. This might mean they turned on each other, with the same confusion they showed when they first attacked. The text provides little detail, indicating only that their panic allowed a much larger group to be defeated once more by Gideon's 300 warriors (Judges 7:8).
Zebah and Zalmunna, the two Midianite kings, run for their lives, but Gideon captures them both. The Lord has delivered them into his hands, just as He promised (Judges 8:7). Gideon has now fully completed the task God gave to him to defeat the oppressors who had brought the tribes of Israel so low (Judges 6:1–5).