What does Judges 9:12 mean?
This is part of a fable told by Jotham, the only survivor of his brother's murderous ambition (Judges 9:1–5). He is shouting this parable from a mountainside, over Abimelech's coronation in the city of Shechem, below (Judges 9:6–11).So far, in the story, the trees have failed to find a king of their own. They have been turned down by both the olive tree and the fig tree. Both indicated that their current work was more rewarding and more valuable than being a ruler of other trees. Neither were driven to seek power over others. Now the trees turn to the grape vine. As were olives and figs, grapes were a central product of ancient near eastern agriculture.
As they did with the others, the trees ask the grape vine to become their king; the vine will also refuse (Judges 9:13).