What does Luke 13:27 mean?
Jesus is explaining that although God is patient (2 Peter 3:9), the time to reconcile with Him is not infinite (Luke 13:1–9). And what is required for reconciliation isn't the same as cultural friendship. It doesn't just mean eating together, which is a significant sign of fellowship in the Middle East. It doesn't mean listening to Jesus' teachings or even performing works in His name (Matthew 7:22).Reconciliation means repentance, knowing Christ, and being known by Him. Whether we die or are raptured, when we arrive in paradise, it means we come from a position of being a child of God (John 1:12). It means we don't belong to the world but to God (John 15:19).
Even more shockingly for the Jews, it doesn't have anything to do with physical descent from Abraham, not does it have to do with honoring the Mosaic law. It always means coming from a place of repentance (Luke 13:5), trust in Jesus (John 11:25), and grace through faith (Ephesians 2:8–9). Someone can appear and act as if they come from God's family but really have Satan as their father and origin (Luke 11:26; Matthew 7:22; John 8:44).
There's a pattern of separation and sameness in the last few stories. People from the same family will be separated (Luke 12:51–53). People are vulnerable to the same tragedies (Luke 13:1–5). Some people will go through the narrow door and will enter rest, and some won't (Luke 13:24). The difference isn't nationality (Luke 13:28–29), sinfulness, or even adherence to the rules given in the Bible. It's about identification with Christ through repentance. The time to repent and take this identity is short, and a second chance will not be given after death.