What does Luke 14:12 mean?
An important member of the Pharisees has invited Jesus and several others to a formal banquet on the Sabbath. When the guests arrived, they jockeyed for position. Each tried to get the seats closest to their host. Jesus pointed out that honor doesn't come from the seat they assume, it comes from the recognition of others (Luke 14:1, 7–11).Now, Jesus addresses the host. He is described as a "ruler" of the Pharisees, but we don't know what he "rules." He could be a civil servant, a leader at the synagogue, or a teacher of other Pharisees. Jesus' point is that the host is just as guilty of trying to build up honor as his guests. He has invited respectable men who will now be obliged to return the favor and give him an invitation.
Jesus says the next time this man gives a banquet, he should invite those who cannot return the favor: people who cannot raise his ranking in the cultural social system. He should invite "the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind" (Luke 14:13). In that culture, these were people assumed to be cursed by God but who were simply victims of a fallen world (John 9:1–3). If the host does this, he may not get rewarded on earth, but God will reward him at the resurrection (Luke 14:14).