What does Luke 2:8 mean?
The region in question is Bethlehem. Mary and Joseph travelled there to comply with a government-ordered census (Luke 2:1–4). Mary made the trip expecting to give birth to Jesus very soon, and she delivers in humble circumstances (Luke 2:5–7).For reasons the Bible does not specify, angels will arrive to tell these shepherds about Jesus' birth. The fact that this is good news "for all the people" might be a partial explanation. Other Gospels note that Israel's educated men ought to have recognized the signs of Messiah's birth, but apparently made no effort to seek Him out (Matthew 2:3–6).
The shepherds are the only visitors whom the Bible records meeting Jesus on the actual night of His birth. Though popular culture often depicts Mary giving birth in a barn stall surrounded by livestock, the only detail found in Scripture is that she rests Jesus in a feeding trough, known as a manger. This is where the shepherds will find Him (Luke 2:12).