What does Luke 22:37 mean?
Jesus is telling the disciples what they should bring on their travels as they spread the gospel in Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria, and to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8). He has told them to bring money and a bag, and that a sword will be more important than a cloak (Luke 22:35–36).Scholars debate over why Jesus tells them to take a sword. Some scholars think it is a metaphor to warn the disciples they will be persecuted as He is. They think that when Jesus says He will be "numbered with the transgressors," He is referring to the crucifixion when He will be persecuted unfairly between two thieves.
But it may be that the "transgression" He will be accused of is insurrection. The religious and civil leaders believe Jesus is a "transgressor": lawless, as prophesied in Isaiah 53:12. While Pilate questions Jesus, Jesus tells him, "You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above" (John 19:11). When Pilate tries to release Jesus, the council incites the crowd to threaten Pilate with accusations of treason: "If you release this man, you are not Caesar's friend. Everyone who makes himself a king opposes Caesar" (John 19:12). Pilate understands the lies in their argument, but he still fears Caesar.
That two disciples carried weapons (Luke 22:38) and Peter cut off the ear of one of their servants (Luke 22:49–51; John 18:10–11) may have emboldened the Sanhedrin to make such accusations. In Jesus speaking of His fulfillment of the first part of Isaiah's prophecy, He also calls to mind the end: "yet he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors" (Isaiah 53:12; Luke 23:34). This would explain why Jesus tells Peter to put his sword away. Jesus may be "numbered with the transgressors," but that doesn't mean He is one.