What does Luke 22:55 mean?
Peter is trying extremely hard to prove Jesus wrong. Jesus said Peter would deny Him three times (Luke 22:31–34). Peter first tried to prove his faithfulness by attacking the mob that came to arrest Jesus. Jesus told him to put away his sword. Then He calmly allowed Himself to be taken (Luke 22:47–54; Matthew 26:52).As the soldiers, priests, and servants led Jesus away, most of the disciples scattered (Mark 14:50). Peter and John follow Jesus. John knows the high priest and gets himself and Peter into the courtyard (John 18:15–16). It's night in the spring, so it's chilly. Though surrounded by the enemies of his Master, Peter joins them near the fire.
The accounts of Peter's denials are consistent in Matthew, Mark, and Luke, but John's details are a bit different. He is the only gospel writer to mention that before Jesus is tried before a secret meeting at the high priest Caiaphas's house, He was first taken to Caiaphas's father-in-law Annas (John 18:13–14, 19–23). In addition, only John mentions that Peter can't get into Annas's courtyard until John tells a servant girl to let him in. That girl is the first to question Peter about his relationship with Jesus (John 18:15–18).
The question is, does Luke 22:55–57—and Matthew 26:69–70 and Mark 14:66–68—correspond with John 18:15–18, which occurs in Annas's courtyard, or John 18:25 at Caiaphas's? Or does Peter deny Jesus four times and Jesus only refers to the three times at Caiaphas's (Luke 22:34)? Ultimately, it doesn't matter, but it's worth noting those options to deflect false claims that the differences prove the Bible is inconsistent.