What does Luke 23:3 mean?
This is the first time Pilate questions Jesus. Members of the Sanhedrin have brought Jesus to Pilate with two specific charges: First, they claim Jesus is a threat to Pilate's ability to collect taxes because He tells Jews they don't have to pay. Second, Jesus is labeled a threat to the emperor because He claims to be king (Luke 23:2).The first charge is odd; at least once, Jesus paid the temple tax only after being challenged (Matthew 17:24–27). But He specifically told the scribes and chief priests to pay the Roman tax (Luke 20:21–25).
Jesus' accusers arrive at the charge that He claims to be king through His assertion that He is the Messiah, heir of David, promised to receive the throne and dominion over the world forever (Mark 14:61–62; 2 Samuel 7:12–16; Daniel 7:13–14). Pilate knows Jesus is not about to storm Jerusalem and try to drive out himself and his soldiers. Later, Jesus will affirm that His kingdom is not of this world—if it were, His army would not have let Him be arrested (John 18:33–37).
A few different times, Jesus responds to volatile questions with "You have said so" or "You say that I am" (Matthew 26:25, 64; Luke 22:70; John 18:37). It seems to be a general agreement but with a reluctance to affirm the specifics.
Matthew 27:13–14 and Mark 15:4–5 say that Jesus made no reply to Pilate. Isaiah 53:7 prophesies that the Suffering Servant would be silent and not open his mouth. Luke 23:3 and John 18:34–37 seem to contradict this. Jesus does speak to Pilate, but He does not offer a defense. He doesn't refute what the Sanhedrin accuses Him of; He doesn't try to get Pilate to declare Him innocent. When sent for questioning by Herod Antipas, Jesus says nothing (Luke 23:6–12).