What does Luke 5:19 mean?
Jesus is at home in Capernaum (Mark 2:1) teaching a packed house. Pharisees and their legal experts have arrived from as far away as Jerusalem (Luke 5:17). Outside, a group of men has brought their paralyzed friend hoping Jesus will heal him. The house is too crowded, however. They'll need to find another way.Homes in New Testament-era Israel were usually two stories. Roofs typically consisted of a center beam that stretched from one wall to another and rafters that spanned from the beam to the parallel walls. The roof itself was a type of thatch with a coating of clay mixed with straw several inches thick; the "tiles" mentioned here likely refer to chunks of clay. The interior ceiling was only about six feet from the floor. Roofs were an extension of the living space and typically accessible by exterior stairs.
Taking their friend to the roof and making an opening would be simple. It would be a big hole, however, and undoubtedly the listeners directly below would be quick to get out of the way of the falling clay and thatch. This would also make space for the men to lower their friend to the floor.