What does Mark 6:14 mean?
Herod Antipas has heard of Jesus' ministry and the missions trip of His disciples. He and his court are confused because this message sounds very much like that of John the Baptist, whom Herod arrested shortly before Jesus started His ministry (Mark 1:14) and executed some time later.Antipas is the son of Herod the Great and Malthace. Herod the Great was of Edomite descent, and Malthace was a Samaritan. At that time, the Jewish people disliked both nationalities. The fact that Herod's family was installed into their leadership by Rome doesn't help. After Herod the Great's death, Rome splits his kingdom into four "tetrarchs." Antipas rules over Galilee, north of Samaria and west of the Sea of Galilee, and Perea, east of Judea. His brother Archelaus rules Judea, and his half-brother Philip rules the area east of Galilee and north of Decapolis. Herod the Great's sister, Salome I, rules small sections around Judea.
"Herod" is both a term for "king" and somewhat of a family name. Although Antipas is identified as "Herod," he has assumed the kingship, and Emperor Augustus calls him "Antipas Tetrarch." It is unclear if Mark uses the title because of custom or out of sarcasm. Matthew splits the difference and uses "Herod the tetrarch" (Matthew 14:1).
John the Baptist preaches in Judea, across the Jordan River from Perea, and Antipas becomes familiar with his message of repentance. Antipas' followers conspire with the Pharisees from Jerusalem to destroy Jesus (Mark 3:6), although there is no indication Antipas knows. It is Antipas who meets with Jesus before the crucifixion. Luke 23:7 states Pilate learns Jesus belongs to "Herod's" jurisdiction and that "Herod" happens to be in Jerusalem at the time. Although silent during the interrogation (Luke 23:9), Jesus considers Antipas a "reed shaken by the wind" (Matthew 11:7) and a fox (Luke 13:32).
Mark 6:14–29 follows the disciples' success in continuing John the Baptist's work with a flashback of John's execution. John was Jesus' cousin (Luke 1:36) and the herald of Jesus' ministry (John 1:19–28). He preached repentance to many, including Andrew and Peter (John 1:35–42). He also baptized Jesus (Mark 1:9–11). Herod Antipas ruled over Galilee, where Jesus was from, and Perea, near where John preached. Antipas was fascinated by John, but his wife felt threatened by John's condemnation of their incestuous marriage. This story is also found in Matthew 14:1–12, Luke 3:19–20, and Luke 9:7–9.
Jesus returns to His hometown of Nazareth, but the people there are faithless and skeptical. As a result, Jesus performs no more than a few minor miracles. He then assigns His twelve apostles to travel in pairs, preaching repentance and healing various conditions. Mark then takes a brief detour to explain the death of John the Baptist, beheaded after Herod Antipas is tricked by his wife. The focus then returns to Jesus, explaining His miraculous feeding of thousands of people, walking on water, and healing people in Gennesaret.