What does Mark chapter 9 mean?
In Mark 9, among other things, Jesus teaches the disciples about leadership in His kingdom. Leadership starts with knowing whom you follow. Jesus is the Son of God (John 1:14), due all the honor and glory of God. He is Daniel's Son of Man (Daniel 7:13–14), the Jewish Messiah. But He is also Isaiah's suffering servant (Isaiah 53) who would be tortured and murdered by His creation (John 1:3). Jesus' kingdom will not yet be a mighty earthly political force, but a great sacrifice and then a quiet work in the hearts of His followers. The disciples need to set aside dreams of political grandeur and learn how to lead through service.Since Mark 7:24, Jesus has mostly been in Gentile territory, both northwest (Mark 7:24) and east (Mark 7:31) of Galilee. He then took the disciples north (Mark 8:27), still trying to avoid the crowds so He could train the disciples without distraction.
Peter, James, and John join Jesus on a high mountain for special training. There, Jesus is transfigured, His holiness displayed in such a grand way the three followers are terrified to look at him. Elijah and Moses meet Jesus on the hill, and God affirms that Jesus is His Son. After Moses and Elijah leave, the disciples ask about Elijah. Both the Old Testament and rabbinical teaching say that the Old Testament prophet will return at the end of days, but Jesus explains that Elijah has already come, in the form of John the Baptist. An event that should have revealed to the disciples that Jesus is God leaves them more confused than ever about why Jesus is there. (Mark 9:2–13).
Jesus, Peter, James, and John come down from the mountain to see the remaining disciples arguing with Jewish scribes. Despite their experience expelling demons earlier (Mark 6:7–13), the disciples cannot rescue a possessed child. Jesus reveals that the entire situation is marked by a lack of faith and the disciples' neglected prayer life. (Mark 9:14–29).
In the remainder of the chapter, Jesus basically tries to impress upon the disciples what His followers should look like. First, He must be killed and raised again, a prophecy which completely clashes with their victorious end-times beliefs. Unable to comprehend what He is saying, the disciples cling to the belief that He, the Messiah, will rescue Israel and install a new kingdom. To that end, they start vying for position in that kingdom. Jesus cuts them short, telling them leadership in His kingdom is not about power but service to those who are weaker. (Mark 9:30–37).
The point is expanded when John tells him they tried to stop a man who was casting out demons in Jesus' name because he was not known to them. Jesus explains that the fact the man had enough faith to call on His name proves he is not an outsider to the kingdom, even if the disciples don't recognize him. The disciples, particularly Peter (Galatians 2:11–14), will continue to struggle with this truth when Gentiles join the church. (Mark 9:38–41).
Throughout Jesus' ministry, He has condemned the Pharisees for placing unnecessary legalistic burdens on the people and even leading them into sin (Mark 7:9–13). Jesus explains that the truly godly—especially leaders—live such an ethical life they set the example for others while protecting them from sinful opportunities. His followers will be tested and purified at the end, and only the good will remain. Pure sinlessness is impossible no matter how disciplined we are. As in Matthew 5, Jesus' teaching helps the disciples—and us—realize how much they—and we—need His saving grace. (Mark 9:42–50).