What does Matthew 14:19 mean?
Jesus has asked His disciples to do something which, for those men, is absolutely impossible (Matthew 14:13–18). He has told the disciples to give the crowds something to eat. The end of the story reveals that the crowd consists of 5,000 men, in addition to women and children—possibly twenty thousand in all (Matthew 14:21). The disciples have located five loaves of coarse bread and two fish (John 6:8–9). The disciples do not lack imagination or sincerity. This is not a task for creative problem solving; it's something Jesus knows full well they cannot do on their own.However, it's not Jesus' intent that they do this alone. Rather, He has asked them to accomplish something, and the proper response is to give Him all they have. So, Jesus takes the bread and the fish and creates some order. He tells everyone to sit down on the grass. He looks up to heaven, in the direction of God the Father, and says a blessing. Then Jesus breaks the loaves in the customary way of sharing bread and gives the broken pieces to the disciples to distribute to the crowds. The disciples do exactly that—just as instructed, they begin to feed the mass of people.
And, as it turns out, they not only finish feeding the people, they must be careful not to waste the leftovers (Matthew 14:20).
It's not clear from the story exactly where the miracle happens. Does Jesus keep reaching into a bag and pulling out loaves of bread after the first five are gone? Do parts of loaves keep popping into the disciples' baskets as they worked their way through the crowd of thousands of people handing them out? We don't know. All we're told in the following verses is that everyone eats. Everyone ends up full.