What does Obadiah 1:8 mean?
Esau was the brother of Jacob. Esau's descendants became Edom, while Jacob's descendants became Israel. The Edomites settled in the mountains of Seir. So, references to "Mount Esau," or "Mount Seir," point towards the Edomite nation. References to mountains are important here, since that was a major cause of Edom's arrogance. Edom's cities were in caves and on cliffs. This made them extremely easy to defend.Since Edom was secure, full of resources, and along a major trade route, the Edomites became overconfident. Over time, they came to believe that they could not be defeated (Obadiah 1:3). They saw themselves as wise, since they were successful. As it turns out, Edom foolishly fell for a trap. The Nabateans, supposed allies from Arabia, sprang a surprise attack during a mutual feast, catching Edom off guard and driving them out of their homes. So much for the "wisdom" and "understanding" of Edom's leaders.
This fulfillment of prophecy happened not long after Obadiah wrote these words. Malachi 1:3–4 describes Edom as desolate and uninhabited.