What does Philippians 1:2 mean?

Paul's common greeting included the same four parts. The first half of the greeting consists of grace and peace. Grace is the basis of salvation and the standard for Christian living. Peace is part of the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22–23) and a frequent trait mentioned as important for Christian living.

The second half of Paul's typical greeting focuses on God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. Both grace and peace come from the Father and the Son. They are mentioned as equals here and elsewhere in the New Testament, emphasizing the divine nature of Christ as part of the triune Godhead. Elsewhere Scripture notes the Holy Spirit as the third Person of the triune God (Matthew 28:18–20).

Paul uses this distinctive greeting in almost all of his letters. The same phrase, in the same order, can be seen in Galatians 1:3, Ephesians 1:2, 1 Corinthians 1:3, 2 Corinthians 1:2, and Romans 1:7.