What does Proverbs 23:23 mean?

Solomon advises his son about the immense value of godly truth (Proverbs 1:7). The implication is that these characteristics are worth any price. The book of Proverbs uses these terms in characteristic ways. "Truth" is that which accurately describes reality; it is something factual. "Wisdom" is a capacity to act according to truthful information. "Instruction" is the general practice of acquiring knowledge and wisdom, usually by learning from a more experienced person. "Understanding" suggests someone experienced enough in their wisdom to teach those principles to others.

In most cases, these teachings don't need to be purchased, in the literal sense. God makes these qualities available for free. Isaiah 55:1 appeals to everyone who thirsts to "come to the waters; and he who has no money, come, buy and eat! Come, buy wine and milk without money and without price." James 1:5 promises: "If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask God, who gives generously to all without reproach, and it will be given him." Further, "the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom" (Psalm 111:10).

Truth lies in the pages of God's Word. In His high priestly prayer Jesus spoke to the Father and declared, "your word is truth" (John 17:17). Through study of the Word, a believer gains instruction and understanding. The apostle Paul requested of God that He fill the Colossian believers "with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding" (Colossians 1:9).