What does Psalm 128:6 mean?

The theme of this entire psalm is how reverence for the Lord brings many benefits (Psalm 128:1). This echoes statements made in other books. Proverbs notes that following godly wisdom is much less likely to bring harm than does disobedience (Proverbs 9:10–11; 11:3–8; 14:27). Among these rewards is the opportunity for a longer life (Proverbs 3:5–8; 8:33–36). This verse continues a prayer of blessing (Psalm 128:5) along those same lines.

Scripture often ties obedience or disobedience to consequences that span generations. Children aren't given the excuse of following their parents' sins (Deuteronomy 5:9–10). This psalm referred to children as a divine blessing (Psalm 128:3). Children who honor their parents also put themselves in a good position (Exodus 20:12).

The nation of Israel, including the city of Jerusalem, have long been the target of hatred and attacks. Prayers for their peace are encouraged (Psalm 122:6).