What does Revelation 2:17 mean?
In this verse Jesus concludes His letter to the church at Pergamum by extending an invitation and making a promise. He invites anyone with ears to hear the Spirit's messages to the churches. The invitation is similar to what Jesus said during His earthly ministry: "He who has ears to hear, let Him hear" (Matthew 11:15). Of course, Jesus' invitation to hear means more than simply taking in audible sounds. It means to heed: to accept and to obey. In James 1:22 this meaning is clear. James writes, "But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves."Jesus promises a reward to everyone who refuses to accept the teachings of Balaam and the Nicolaitans. These were mentioned in verses 15 and 16, respectively. In a curious statement, this verse says the overcomer will receive from Jesus some hidden manna and an inscribed white stone.
Manna was a welcome source of food to the Israelites during their journey through the desert en route to Canaan. The overcomers at Pergamum refused to eat food offered to idols, but they will enjoy bread from heaven. The feast Jesus prepares for His faithful servants exceeds by far anything the Devil offers us.
Jesus also promises a white stone with a new name inscribed on it. Only the recipient of the honor knows the inscribed name. We cannot say with certainty what this stone represents, but we can be sure the recipient enjoys approval from Jesus and fellowship with Him. In ancient Greece, stones were sometimes used in jury cases to indicate a vote, with black used for guilt and white for innocence. Important buildings were also made with white marble. More likely, however, this is a reference to the Roman custom of giving victors in athletic competitions a white stone inscribed with their name. This token served as their "ticket" to enter into an awards celebration later on.