1 Samuel 13:20 - Printer Friendly

ESV: But every one of the Israelites went down to the Philistines to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, or his sickle,

NIV: So all Israel went down to the Philistines to have their plow points, mattocks, axes and sickles sharpened.

NASB: So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his hoe.

CSB: So all the Israelites went to the Philistines to sharpen their plows, mattocks, axes, and sickles.

NLT: So whenever the Israelites needed to sharpen their plowshares, picks, axes, or sickles, they had to take them to a Philistine blacksmith.

KJV: But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock.

NKJV: But all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man’s plowshare, his mattock, his ax, and his sickle;

First Samuel 13:8–23 describes one of Saul's many unwise, disobedient choices. When Israelites fearfully abandon a battle against their Philistine oppressors, Saul takes matters into his own hands. God's prophet, Samuel, is late. So, Saul performs the pre-battle sacrifice himself. Samuel arrives and tells Saul this is why he will not remain king (1 Samuel 16:13). Saul leads the small army he has left to make a stand at Geba, across a ravine from the Philistine army at Michmash. Vastly outnumbered and without many weapons, the Israelites wait as the Philistines begin to move to attack them.

Saul and his son Jonathan defeat a garrison of Philistines and rally Israelites to join them at Gilgal. The Philistines bring a massive army and camp at Michmash. Terrified Israelites begin to flee. Saul disobeys God by not waiting for Samuel and instead offers burnt offerings to the Lord himself. Samuel tells Saul that the throne will pass to someone else because of Saul's faithlessness. The Israelites encamp at Geba, across a deep ravine from the Philistine army. Aside from Saul and Jonathan, the Israelites have no swords or spears.

Israel has demanded a king (1 Samuel 8) and the Lord has allowed them to act on this premature, faithless urge (1 Samuel 9—12). Now firmly established, king Saul begins a campaign against the Philistines. His son Jonathan (1 Samuel 14:1) defeats a Philistine garrison. When the Philistines arrive with a massive army, terrified Israelites scatter. Instead of waiting for God's prophet, Samuel, Saul disobeys God's command and performs a pre-battle sacrifice himself. This is one of many examples of Saul's unwise choices (1 Samuel 14:1) and refusal to follow the Lord's commands (1 Samuel 15). These lead to David being the next anointed king (1 Samuel 16).

First Samuel introduces the key figures who led Israel after the era of the judges. The books of 1 and 2 Samuel were originally part of a single text, split in certain translations shortly before the birth of Christ. Some of the Bible’s most famous characters are depicted in this book. These including the prophet Samuel, Israel’s first king, Saul, her greatest king, David, and other famous names such as Goliath and Jonathan. By the end of this book, Saul has fallen; the book of 2 Samuel begins with David’s ascension to the throne.

Accessed 11/24/2024 10:59:59 PM