Exodus 34:21 - Printer Friendly

ESV: "Six days you shall work, but on the seventh day you shall rest. In plowing time and in harvest you shall rest.

NIV: "Six days you shall labor, but on the seventh day you shall rest; even during the plowing season and harvest you must rest.

NASB: You shall work six days, but on the seventh day you shall rest; even during plowing time and harvest you shall rest.

CSB: "You are to labor six days but you must rest on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.

NLT: You have six days each week for your ordinary work, but on the seventh day you must stop working, even during the seasons of plowing and harvest.

KJV: Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.

NKJV: “Six days you shall work, but on the seventh day you shall rest; in plowing time and in harvest you shall rest.

Exodus 34:10–28 is God's renewed declaration of covenant laws for Israel. The Lord includes more details on specific aspects of the Law this time. This added detail is a direct response to Israel's recent sin of idolatry (Exodus 32:1–6). God especially emphasizes idolatry, consecration of the firstborn, and observing the Sabbath. Moses stays on Mount Sinai for forty days and nights hearing from the Lord.

Moses obeys God's command to bring new stone tablets (Exodus 32:19) onto Mount Sinai. There, God fulfills His earlier promise to reveal more of His glory to Moses (Exodus 33:18–23). The Lord renews the covenant with Israel and gives additional details on subjects such as idolatry, the Sabbath, and certain festivals. When Moses returns, the people are intimidated by his now-shining face.

Israel quickly broke God's laws (Exodus 20:3–6) by committing idolatry (Exodus 32:1–6). This caused a rift between them and God. One consequence was a removal of God's direct presence (Exodus 33:1–3). In this chapter, the covenant is renewed. The remaining chapters (Exodus 35—40) mirror the instructions for building the tabernacle (Exodus 25—31).

The book of Exodus establishes God's covenant relationship with the full-fledged nation of Israel. The descendants of Abraham prosper after settling in Egypt, only to be enslaved by a fearful, hateful Egyptian Pharaoh. God appoints Moses to lead the people out of this bondage. Moses serves as God's spokesman, as the Lord brings plagues and judgments on Egypt, leading to the release of Israel.

Accessed 9/18/2025 9:23:04 AM