Judges 11:2 - Printer Friendly

ESV: And Gilead 's wife also bore him sons. And when his wife 's sons grew up, they drove Jephthah out and said to him, "You shall not have an inheritance in our father 's house, for you are the son of another woman."

NIV: Gilead’s wife also bore him sons, and when they were grown up, they drove Jephthah away. "You are not going to get any inheritance in our family," they said, "because you are the son of another woman."

NASB: Gilead’s wife bore him sons; and when his wife’s sons grew up, they drove Jephthah out and said to him, 'You shall not have an inheritance in our father’s house, for you are the son of another woman.'

CSB: Gilead’s wife bore him sons, and when they grew up, they drove Jephthah out and said to him, "You will have no inheritance in our father’s family, because you are the son of another woman."

NLT: Gilead’s wife also had several sons, and when these half brothers grew up, they chased Jephthah off the land. 'You will not get any of our father’s inheritance,' they said, 'for you are the son of a prostitute.'

KJV: And Gilead's wife bare him sons; and his wife's sons grew up, and they thrust out Jephthah, and said unto him, Thou shalt not inherit in our father's house; for thou art the son of a strange woman.

NKJV: Gilead’s wife bore sons; and when his wife’s sons grew up, they drove Jephthah out, and said to him, “You shall have no inheritance in our father’s house, for you are the son of another woman.”

Jephthah has been described as a "mighty warrior" (Judges 11:1), but he begins his independent adult life being exiled by his own brothers. Though he is possibly the firstborn of his father Gilead, Jephthah is the son of a prostitute. Gilead has other sons by his legitimate wife. Those sons, Jephthah's brothers, drive him away from the family for the sake of the inheritance.

During ancient times, it was common for the firstborn son to receive a double share of the inheritance. That would make Jephthah's brothers more eager to reject him, so that even if they split the inheritance equally, they would get more. Even as the son of a prostitute, Jephthah was recognized by his father, and so entitled to his share of his father's estate. Yet he did not have social standing to push back against threats from his brothers. So, he runs away to begin a new life on his own.

Judges 11:1–11 introduces Jephthah as the unlikely answer to the dilemma of the previous chapter (Judges 10:17–18). Jephthah is a warrior called to lead Gilead against the Ammonites. Though he had been driven from Gilead by his people, he agrees to return if the elders will make him their leader.

A man named Jephthah is driven away from his home in Gilead by jealous brothers. He settles in Tob, where he becomes warrior chief of a criminal band. Gilead's elders later recruit Jephthah to lead the fight against their Ammonite oppressors. After a failed negotiation attempt, Jephthah vows to make a burnt offering to the Lord of whatever comes to meet him if God gives him victory over the Ammonites. Israel thoroughly defeats Ammon, and Jephthah's daughter, his only child, greets him. Jephthah carries out his vow after his daughter grieves never marrying or having children.

Judges 11 answers the question raised at the end of the previous chapter: who could lead Gilead's fight against the Ammonites? The elders recruit Jephthah, a warrior driven away by his family in Gilead. Jephthah agrees to return and is appointed leader of Gilead. Jephthah raises an army and makes a foolish vow to the Lord in exchange for victory. Israel defeats Ammon, but Jephthah's vow costs him his only child, his daughter. His victory also creates civil strife in Israel, leading to a minor civil war.

The Book of Judges describes Israel's history from the death of Joshua to shortly before Israel's first king, Saul. Israel fails to complete God's command to purge the wicked Canaanites from the land (Deuteronomy 7:1–5; 9:4). This results in a centuries-long cycle where Israel falls into sin and is oppressed by local enemies. After each oppression, God sends a civil-military leader, labeled using a Hebrew word loosely translated into English as "judge." These appointed rescuers would free Israel from enemy control and govern for a certain time. After each judge's death, the cycle of sin and oppression begins again. This continues until the people of Israel choose a king, during the ministry of the prophet-and-judge Samuel (1 Samuel 1—7).