Words can discourage or encourage others. Solomon uses a Hebrew root word here which can also mean "healing," "wholesome," or "soothing." He compares such a tongue to a tree of life. A properly nourished tree grows and provides shade and refreshment for all who seek its shelter. A fruit tree is also a tree of life because it provides sustenance for those who take in what it produces. Similarly, encouraging words provided by a wise tongue provide refreshment and sustenance for those who receive them. That applies to the critic as well as the friend, or the opponent as well as the ally. Calm, truthful, measured words to others are infinitely more productive than hateful, spiteful, or "perverse" reactions. This proverb resonates strongly with the first two of this chapter, contrasting different approaches to speech (Proverbs 15:1–2).

This proverb denounces speech described using the Hebrew root word celeph, also used in Proverbs 11:3. This most literally means that which is twisted or warped—"crooked"—but can also refer to something unhealthy or disordered. That which "breaks the spirit" is especially important to avoid when dealing with children (Ephesians 6:4; Proverbs 18:14). Our choice of words matters, and how we respond to others reflects our own wisdom. Inappropriate words send the wrong message and may even depress those who hear them.

The New Testament Epistles exhort believers to encourage one another and to shake off discouragement. Concluding his message about Jesus' return in the air to rapture believers, Paul writes: "Therefore encourage one another with these words" (1 Thessalonians 4:18). In 1 Thessalonians 5:14, he writes: "We urge you, brothers, admonish the idle, encourage the fainthearted." In Ephesians 4:29 he writes: "Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good for building up, as fits the occasion, that it may give grace to those who hear." The writer of Hebrews also exhorts believers: "And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near" (Hebrews 10:24–25).

Proverbs 15:1–5 focuses on the wisdom of responding correctly to disagreement and correction. Several verses note the value in "soft" or "gentle" answers in resolving conflict. Those who unleash a torrent of attacks and criticisms are foolish, compared to those who take the time to consider an answer. Solomon reminds the reader that God sees and knows all, and he gives another reminder of the importance of listening to wise counselors.

Solomon begins this chapter of Proverbs by addressing subjects such as anger and self-control and how those reactions produce different responses from others. That extends to how carefully a person guards their words, and their responses to questions. Wise people seek wisdom and humbly accept it. Foolish people are careless, lazy, or arrogant. Solomon also notes the importance of perspective, and once again commends those who sincerely seek godly wisdom.

Chapter 10 began a long list of Solomon's wise sayings. This passage continues to emphasize common themes such as hard work, humility, godly wisdom, and self-control. This extended collection of proverbs continues through much of chapter 22.

Proverbs is best understood in context with the books of Ecclesiastes and Job. In Proverbs, “wisdom” is given in short, simple, general terms. Ecclesiastes represents wisdom based on observation and experience. This often shows how the general principles of the book of Proverbs don’t apply in absolutely every circumstance. Job represents wisdom based on the experience of suffering and injustice. All three come to the conclusion that God does indeed know best, and the most sensible course of action is to follow His will.

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