Exodus 1:17 - Printer Friendly

ESV: But the midwives feared God and did not do as the king of Egypt commanded them, but let the male children live.

NIV: The midwives, however, feared God and did not do what the king of Egypt had told them to do; they let the boys live.

NASB: But the midwives feared God, and did not do as the king of Egypt had commanded them, but let the boys live.

CSB: The midwives, however, feared God and did not do as the king of Egypt had told them; they let the boys live.

NLT: But because the midwives feared God, they refused to obey the king’s orders. They allowed the boys to live, too.

KJV: But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men children alive.

NKJV: But the midwives feared God, and did not do as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the male children alive.

Three observations should be made regarding these midwives. First, the midwives "feared God." Abraham had been praised for fearing God (Genesis 22:12), leaving an example for his descendants. These women would rather obey God than men (Acts 5:29).

Second, the midwives risked their own lives to save the lives of the newborn sons of the Jews. Not only were these women slaves, they were defying the orders of an absolute king. Disobedience, even in secret, would have put their own lives at risk. And yet, they absolutely refused to follow such evil orders, even when confronted about it later. This concept of obeying God, even if it means defying men, will continue into the New Testament church (Acts 4:19–20)

Third, the midwives are specifically noted to have "let the male children live." They could not bring themselves to put newborn boys to death. As midwives, they regularly witnessed the amazing beauty of new life entering the world. They also likely knew the experience of a stillborn child and the sorrow it brought to a family. These midwives protected vulnerable infant lives. God honored their decision, blessing them with children of their own (Exodus 1:21). The fact "God dealt well" with the midwives (Exodus 1:20) shows God's attitude regarding the value of newborn children.

Exodus 1:15–22 describes the Egyptian king's third, most drastic attempt to curb Israeli population growth. After enslavement and brutality, the Hebrews are still growing. Out of political fears and racial disgust, the Egyptians seek other ways of reducing Israeli power. Here, Pharaoh will enact a program of infanticide: ordering Hebrew midwives to murder male Jewish babies. When they resist, Egypt's king extends this command to the Egyptian people in general. This backdrop of murder sets the scene for the rise of Moses, the eventual leader of the nation of Israel.

The children of Abraham and Jacob grow rapidly, forming a prosperous nation made up of twelve tribes, one for each son of Jacob. This inspires fear and hate from the Egyptians. Their king first tries to slow down the Hebrews' growth by enslaving them. Next, he increases the brutality of their work. Then, he tries to command Jewish midwives to kill their own people's newborn baby boys. When these all fail, he openly orders the murder of all Jewish infant boys. Inadvertently, this creates the very situation which leads to the rise of Israel's eventual leader, Moses.

Exodus chapter 1 establishes the difficult reality faced by the nation of Israel. At the end of Genesis, Abraham's descendants were finally safe. In this passage, they become prosperous and expand rapidly. This, however, results in fear and hatred from the native Egyptians, who enact a program of slavery and infanticide against the Hebrews. This sets the scene for the arrival of Israel's greatest leader, the prophet Moses, who will speak for God during this time of Israel's rescue. The next chapter explains Moses' dangerous childhood and exile in the desert.

The book of Exodus establishes God's covenant relationship with the full-fledged nation of Israel. The descendants of Abraham prosper after settling in Egypt, only to be enslaved by a fearful, hateful Egyptian Pharaoh. God appoints Moses to lead the people out of this bondage. Moses serves as God's spokesman, as the Lord brings plagues and judgments on Egypt, leading to the release of Israel.