What does Isaiah 18:3 mean?
ESV: All you inhabitants of the world, you who dwell on the earth, when a signal is raised on the mountains, look! When a trumpet is blown, hear!
NIV: All you people of the world, you who live on the earth, when a banner is raised on the mountains, you will see it, and when a trumpet sounds, you will hear it.
NASB: All you who inhabit the world, and live on earth, As soon as a flag is raised on the mountains, you will see it, And as soon as the trumpet is blown, you will hear it.
CSB: All you inhabitants of the world and you who live on the earth, when a banner is raised on the mountains, look! When a ram's horn sounds, listen!
NLT: All you people of the world, everyone who lives on the earth — when I raise my battle flag on the mountain, look! When I blow the ram’s horn, listen!
KJV: All ye inhabitants of the world, and dwellers on the earth, see ye, when he lifteth up an ensign on the mountains; and when he bloweth a trumpet, hear ye.
NKJV: All inhabitants of the world and dwellers on the earth: When he lifts up a banner on the mountains, you see it; And when he blows a trumpet, you hear it.
Verse Commentary:
Isaiah has described swift boats sending ambassadors, or messengers, to faraway people. The picture seems to be of the nations of Ethiopia and Egypt seeking to make alliances to undertake the threat of the powerful Assyrian Empire (Isaiah 18:1–2). Now he calls to everyone in the world. Every nation within reach of Assyria was concerned about the threat to their people and to their allies. Many kings felt the need to prepare for war.

The prophet says to all those nations to look for a signal "raised on the mountains." Trumpets and horns were common indicators of war. Banners or other large flags were also used. Isaiah's readers would be familiar with such signals. In this case, it will be the Lord sending the signal, calling all the nations to play their part when the time is right.

Isaiah will make the final point that the Lord God of Israel is still in control of the world; that power does not belong to the Assyrians. The Assyrians, while strong, do not have a fraction of the might of God. The Lord is the one managing the threat to all nations. He will call them into action at the key moment.
Verse Context:
Isaiah 18:1–7 begins with Isaiah's calls to a land beyond the rivers of Cush. This may refer to ancient Ethiopia—different from modern Ethiopia—south of Egypt. He calls for messengers to be sent to a faraway nation. Then he calls for all the people of the earth to look for the signal of the Lord. The Lord will prune away the Assyrian threat when the time is right, but not before then. When He does so, the bodies of Assyrian soldiers will feed wild animals for months. Then the nations will bring tribute to the Lord at Mount Zion.
Chapter Summary:
This short chapter begins with a call from Isaiah to a people beyond the land of Cush. They send ambassadors to a nation of people quite different from those normally seen in Israel. All the people of the world are concerned about the threat of the Assyrian war machine. Isaiah calls for all to wait for the Lord's signal. He will prune away the Assyrians when the time is exactly right, ending their reign of terror on the earth. Then the nations of the earth will send tribute to the Lord at Mount Zion, where His name resides.
Chapter Context:
Prior passages were targeted messages in the form of predictions about certain nations. This passage is also an oracle, but one more about reassurance that the Lord is in control and prepared to act accordingly. Every nation is concerned about the cruel Assyrian conquerors who leave death and devastation in their wake. Isaiah calls the world to watch for the Lord's signal. He is waiting for just the right moment to prune the Assyrians away and end their time of terror. Following chapters return to the typical pattern of Isaiah.
Book Summary:
Isaiah is among the most important prophetic books in the entire Bible. The first segment details God's impending judgment against ancient peoples for sin and idolatry (Isaiah 1—35). The second part of Isaiah briefly explains a failed assault on Jerusalem during the rule of Hezekiah (Isaiah 36—39). The final chapters predict Israel's rescue from Babylonian captivity (Isaiah 40—48), the promised Messiah (Isaiah 49—57), and the final glory of Jerusalem and God's people (Isaiah 58—66).
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