What does Romans 15:10 mean?
ESV: And again it is said, “Rejoice, O Gentiles, with his people.”
NIV: Again, it says, 'Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people.'
NASB: Again he says, 'REJOICE, YOU GENTILES, WITH HIS PEOPLE.'
CSB: Again it says, Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people!
NLT: And in another place it is written, 'Rejoice with his people, you Gentiles.'
KJV: And again he saith, Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people.
NKJV: And again he says: “Rejoice, O Gentiles, with His people!”
Verse Commentary:
Paul is providing several quotations from Old Testament Scriptures to support the idea that Christ came to serve the Jews both to fulfill God's promises to them and to cause the Gentiles to glorify Him.

This is a quote from a text similar to Deuteronomy 32:43, though it reads differently from that specific passage. Paul uses the quote to show that the Gentiles will rejoice along with God's chosen people, the Jews. Within the context of this passage, Paul is showing that God's plan was always to show mercy to both the Gentiles and the Jews as they came to Him through faith in Christ. Then they would rejoice and praise God together.
Verse Context:
Romans 15:8–13 shows that Christ came to serve the Jewish people as the fulfillment of all of God's promises to them. In doing so, He also became the hope of the Gentile peoples around the world. The Old Testament prophesies reveal that God's plan was always to receive praise from the Gentiles and to make it possible for them to be included in His grace. Paul prays a blessing of hope, joy, peace, and power for his Roman readers.
Chapter Summary:
Romans 15 begins with Paul's encouragement to those strong in faith: to please other Christians before themselves so the church can be unified. Christ came to fulfill God's promises to Israel and about the Gentiles. Paul is satisfied with the faith and practice of the Roman Christians. His work of taking the gospel to unreached regions of Gentiles in his part of the world is completed, and he longs to come see them. First, he must deliver financial aid to Jerusalem, a trip about which he asks them to pray along with him.
Chapter Context:
Romans 15 concludes Paul's teaching that those strong in faith ought to sacrifice their own desires to live in harmony with other believers. Paul shows that God always planned to welcome the Gentile nations, and his mission is to introduce Gentiles to the message of salvation by faith in Christ. He longs to visit the Christians in Rome and plans to do so as soon as he delivers financial aid to poor Christian Jews in Jerusalem. He begins Romans 16 by greeting many friends and acquaintances in Rome by name, as part of a drawn-out ending to this letter.
Book Summary:
The book of Romans is the New Testament's longest, most structured, and most detailed description of Christian theology. Paul lays out the core of the gospel message: salvation by grace alone through faith alone. His intent is to explain the good news of Jesus Christ in accurate and clear terms. As part of this effort, Paul addresses the conflicts between law and grace, between Jews and Gentiles, and between sin and righteousness. As is common in his writing, Paul closes out his letter with a series of practical applications.
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