What does Judges 11:13 mean?
The army of the Ammonites is mounted for war against the Israelite people of the region of Gilead (Judges 10:17–18; 11:11). Bordered to the west by the Jordan River, Gilead's territory includes all the land south of the Jabbok River and north of the Arnon River (Deuteronomy 3:16). The territory controlled by Ammon, farther to the east, does not have such defined borders.Newly appointed as leader of the people of Gilead, Jephthah has sent a message to the king of Ammon. He wants to know why the Ammonites are trying to take their land. In response, the king of Ammon claims the people of Israel took the land from them when they came out of Egypt. He is describing a time after the exodus, when Moses was leading God's people toward the Promised Land (Exodus 12:50–51). During that time, Moses and Israel successfully defeated the inhabitants of the region known as Gilead and took possession of the land (Numbers 21:24–26).
To hear it told by the king of Ammon, this justifies his war against the people of Gilead. He claims he is taking back what originally belonged to this people some 300 years earlier. If Jephthah will just give the land back, the king of Ammon implies, this entire nasty business can all be over. As Jephthah will point out, however, this land never belonged to the Ammonites in the first place (Judges 11:14–15).