What does Psalm 108:9 mean?

God expresses His power and authority over all lands and peoples. The regions mentioned in this passage were important in Israel's history (Psalm 108:7–8). So far, the segment has mentioned Shechem, Succoth, Gilead, Manasseh, Ephraim, and Judah. These were all territories associated with the nation of Israel, itself. What comes next are references to Israel's enemies.

This verse of the psalm copies the words of Psalm 60:8, as part of an extended reiteration of David's firm intent to maintain faith. The challenge of that moment was an invasion (Psalm 60:1–3). The attacking nation was Edom: the descendants of Israel's brother, Esau (Genesis 36:1). Part of the Lord's response is to emphasize that He and He alone has the power to determine who controls these territories. The mention of shoes implies ownership, as well (Deuteronomy 25:9; Ruth 4:8). Even today, in Middle Eastern cultures, it is considered an insult to throw a shoe at someone. God's plan for Edom was harsh.

Moab was one of the nations which arose from Lot's tragic experience after the destruction of Sodom (Genesis 19:36–37). A washbasin is a dirty, humble role; this implies something unimportant. This would contrast with Moab's cultural pride (Isaiah 16:6). Instead of a mighty, independent nation, God speaks of Moab as an unremarkable, humble tool.

The third nation mentioned is that of the Philistines. This group was a constant enemy of the Israelite people (Judges 10:7; 1 Samuel 17:1; 31:1). This enemy, too, will be overcome by the Lord.